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文章编号： 16726987（2018）05003408； DOI： 10.16351/j.16726987.2018.05.005
孙芳立1， 张金恒1， 孙永红2， 郭庆增1， 苏忠亮1*
(1.青岛科技大学 环境与安全工程学院，山东 青岛 266042； 2.青岛市农业科学研究院中心实验室，山东 青岛 266042)
摘要： 为研究土壤重金属污染对小麦的胁迫机理，通过系统的田间小区控制试验，研究了铜、锌、镉3种重金属在小麦不同生长期干样中3种重金属的含量，以及小麦干样根细胞和叶细胞中的重金属分布规律。研究表明：3种重金属对小麦均具有不同程度的毒害作用，其中重金属铜对小麦的毒害作用最强。根是重金属的主要富集器官，重金属向地上部分的转移很少。除成熟期外，重金属含量在不同时期的不同器官中由多到少的分布浓度为根>茎>叶。在成熟期Cd、Zn含量在不同器官中由多到少为茎叶>穗，Cu在不同器官中含量由多到少为穗>茎叶。不同的重金属在籽粒和茎叶中的富集浓度几乎相同。不同重金属在小麦的不同器官及不同生育期表现出不同的富集规律，在同一处理水平下，Cd在小麦根和茎叶中的富集浓度都呈现出先上升，后下降，在灌浆期又再次上升的趋势；Cu在根细胞中的富集浓度是在低浓度处理下呈现出先降低后增加的趋势，在高浓度处理水平下呈现出先增加后降低的趋势，Cu在叶细胞中的富集浓度与处理水平、生长周期没有太大的关系，呈现出持平的状态；Zn在小麦根和茎叶中的富集浓度是随着生长期的延长而降低，在分蘖期重金属的富集浓度最高。
关键词： 镉； 铜； 锌; 小麦; 全生育期; 富集规律
中图分类号： X 503.2文献标志码： A
引用格式： 孙芳立， 张金恒， 孙永红， 等. 重金属Cd、Cu、Zn在小麦全生育期中的富集规律\[J\]. 青岛科技大学学报（自然科学版）， 2018， 39（5）： 3441.
SUN Fangli, ZHANG Jinheng, SUN Yonghong, et al. Distribution of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd) in different wheat growth stages\[J\]. Journal of Qingdao University of Science and Technology（Natural Science Edition), 2018, 39(5)： 3441.
Distribution of Heavy Metals (Cu, Zn, Cd) in Different Wheat Growth Stages
SUN Fangli1, ZHANG Jinheng1, SUN Yonghong2, GUO Qingzeng1, SU Zhongliang1
(1.College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China;
2.Center Laboratory, Qingdao Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266042, China)
Abstract: To research the mechanism of soil heavy metal pollution on the stress of wheat growth, the system control field plot experiments were performed in order to study the content of copper, zinc, and cadmium in wheat dry sample in different growth period and distribution law of heavy metals in root cells and leaf cells.The results showed that the three kinds of heavy metals have different toxic on wheat, in which the toxicity of copper was strongest. Root was the main organ on the enrichment of heavy metals, and few of heavy metals were transferred to aboveground parts. In addition to the mature period, the content of heavy metals in different periods of different organs is root>stem>leaf. In mature period, the content of zinc in different organs is stem/leaf>spike, the content of Cu in different organs is spike>stem/leaf. The enrichment of different heavy metals in seed and stem and leaf is almost same. Different heavy metals in the different organs and different growth period of wheat showed different enrichment regularity. Under the same conditions, the concentration of Cd in wheat roots and stem leaf enrichment increased at first, then decreased, and after the filling stage, it rose again. Under low concentration treatment, the concentration of Cu in the root cells went down at first and then went up, while under the high concentration treatment, it showed increase trend at first and then became to decrease. The concentration of Cu in leaf cell had no relationship with treatment concentration and growth cycle, showing almost the same level. The enrichment of Zn in wheat roots and stem leaf decreased with the extension of growth period, and has the highest concentration in tillering stage.
Key words: cadmium; copper; zinc; dry wheat; whole growth duration; pattern of enrichment
收稿日期： 20170821
基金项目： 国家自然科学基金项目（41471278）.
作者简介： 孙芳立（1991—），女，硕士研究生.*通信联系人.
