玄武岩纤维增强天然橡胶复合材料的制备与性能
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文章编号： 1672-6987（2022）05-0087-07； DOI： 10.16351/j.1672-6987.2022.05.012
王英豪， 王景， 汪传生， 张德伟*(青岛科技大学 机电工程学院;山东省高分子材料先进制造技术重点实验室;
轮胎先进装备与关键材料国家工程实验室，山东 青岛 266061)
摘要： 以天然橡胶(NR)为基体，玄武岩纤维(BF)为增强体，制备了玄武岩纤维-天然橡胶(BF/NR)复合材料，研究分析了玄武岩纤维的长度及取向方向对BF/NR复合材料的硫化性能、基本物理性能、动态力学性能的影响。实验结果表明：在玄武岩纤维取向方向相同的情况下，BF/NR复合材料的综合性能随纤维长度的增加先增加后降低，当玄武岩纤维长度为6 mm时，BF/NR复合材料的性能最佳；在纤维长度相同的情况下，经轴向取向制得的BF/NR复合材料性能最佳，与无纤维的胶料相比，经轴向取向制得的6 mm BF/NR复合材料其拉伸强度提高了10.85%，撕裂强度提高了17.78%。通过扫描电镜（SEM）测试发现，玄武岩纤维与橡胶基体的界面结合性较好，并且在橡胶基体中的取向状态及分散情况较为良好，因而发挥了玄武岩纤维的增强作用。
关键词： 玄武岩纤维； 天然橡胶； 复合材料； 纤维取向； 硫化胶物理性能
中图分类号： TQ 330.1； TQ 330.4文献标志码： A
引用格式： 王英豪， 王景， 汪传生, 等. 玄武岩纤维增强天然橡胶复合材料的制备与性能［J］. 青岛科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 43(5): 87-93.
WANG Yinghao, WANG Jing, WANG Chuansheng, et al. Preparation and properties of basalt fiber reinforced natural rubber composites［J］. Journal of Qingdao University of Science and Technology（Natural Science Edition), 2022， 43（5）： 87-93.
Preparation and Properties of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Natural Rubber Composites
WANG Yinghao, WANG Jing, WANG Chuansheng, ZHANG Dewei
(College of Electromechanical Engineering; Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials Manufacturing
Technology of Shandong Province; National Eigineering Laboratory for Tire Advanced Equipment and Key Materials, Qingdao University of Science and Technology，Qingdao 266061， China)
Abstract: In this paper, basalt fiber/natural rubber (BF/NR) composites were prepared with natural rubber (NR) as matrix and basalt fiber (BF) as reinforcement. The influences of the length and orientation of BF on the vulcanization property, basic physical properties and dynamic mechanical properties of BF/NR composites were researched and analyzed. The experimental results showed that the composite properties of BF/NR composites would increase first and then decrease with the increase of the fiber length when BF got same orientation direction, and BF length was 6 mm, the properties of BF/NR composites were best. When fiber length were same, the properties of BF/NR composites prepared by axial orientation were best. Comparing the vulcanized rubber without BF, the tensile strength and tear strength of 6mm BF/NR composites prepared by axial orientation increased about 10.85% and 17.78%. Through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) testing, it was found that the BF had better interface bonding with rubber matrix, and better orientation and dispersion in rubber matrix, therefore, the BF reinforced the BF/NR composites.
Key words: basalt fiber; natural rubber; composites; fiber orientation; physical properties of vulcanizates
收稿日期： 2021-09-11
基金项目： 国家自然科学基金项目(50775116)；山东省重点研发计划项目(2019JMRH00205)；山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2016XJ003)；山东省自主创新及成果转化专项项目(2014CGZH0405).
作者简介： 王英豪（1997—），男，硕士研究生.*通信联系人.
