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文章编号： 1672-6987（2020）03-0035-07； DOI： 10.16351/j.1672-6987.2020.03.004
荆茹莎， 郑芳媛， 王文洁， 孙玉焕， 王发园
(青岛科技大学 环境与安全工程学院，山东 青岛 266042）
摘要： 为评估裸露nZVI（B-nZVI）和淀粉稳定化nZVI（S-nZVI）的植物毒性作用，将小麦种子暴露于0~1 000 mg·L-1的悬浮液中进行种子萌发试验，并在600 mg·L-1的浓度下进行幼苗生长试验。结果表明：B-nZVI对小麦种子发芽率没有显著影响，而S-nZVI对小麦种子发芽率具有明显的抑制作用，750 mg·L-1抑制最明显(P<005)；B-nZVI和S-nZVI对小麦种子的根长和芽长都有一定抑制作用，S-nZVI的抑制作用更强，900 mg·L-1时S-nZVI对小麦根和芽的抑制效应最明显。当B-nZVI和S-nZVI浓度为600 mg·L-1时，小麦幼苗生长受到抑制、营养平衡发生改变、根中Fe积累过量，毒性效应明显。nZVI或其氧化物可以直接粘附于根表面，阻断根的膜孔并干扰根的吸收能力，抑制水和养分的吸收；Fe在植物体内过量积累，扰乱养分的运输和营养平衡，可能是nZVI的主要致毒机制。
关键词： 纳米零价铁； 萌发； 幼苗生长； 植物毒性； 致毒机制
中图分类号： X 171.5文献标志码： A
引用格式： 荆茹莎， 郑芳媛， 王文洁， 等. 纳米零价铁对小麦的毒性效应及其致毒机制\[J\]. 青岛科技大学学报（自然科学版）， 2020， 41（3）： 35-41.
JING Rusha, ZHENG Fangyuan, WANG Wenjie, et al.Toxic effects and mechanism of nano-zero-valent iron on wheat\[J\]. Journal of Qingdao University of Science and Technology（Natural Science Edition), 2020， 41（3）： 35-41.
Toxic Effects and Mechanism of Nano-zero-valent Iron on WheatJING Rusha, ZHENG Fangyuan, WANG Wenjie, SUN Yuhuan, WANG Fayuan
(College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China)Abstract: Phytotoxic effects of bare nZVI (B-nZVI) and starch-stabilized nZVI (S-nZVI) were evaluated on the germination of wheat seeds exposed to suspensions with different doses of 0—1 000 mg·L-1 and the growth of hydroponically cultured seedling at 600 mg·L-1. The results showed that, B-nZVI had no significant effect on the germination rate of wheat seeds, but S-nZVI had significant inhibitory effect on the germination rate of wheat seeds, with the most obvious inhibition at 750 mg·L-1 (P<005);B-nZVI and S-nZVI had a certain inhibitory effect on the root length and shoot length of wheat seeds, but the inhibitory effect of S-nZVI was stronger. Especially at 900 mg·L-1, S-nZVI had the most obvious inhibitory effect on the root and shoot of wheat. When the concentrations of B-nZVI and S-nZVI were 600 mg·L-1, the growth of wheat seedlings was inhibited, the nutritional balance was changed, and Fe accumulation in roots was excessive, with obvious toxic effects. nZVI or its oxides can directly adhere to the root surface, block the root membrane pore and interfere with the root′s absorption capacity, and inhibit the absorption of water and nutrients. Excessive accumulation of Fe in plants disrupts nutrient transport and nutrient balance, which may be the main toxic mechanism of nZVI.
Key words: nZVI; germination; seedling growth; phytotoxicity; toxic mechanism
收稿日期： 2019-03-21
基金项目： 国家自然科学基金项目（41673112）；山东省自然科学基金面上项目（ZR2018MD006）.
作者简介： 荆茹莎（1993—），女，硕士研究生.*通信联系人.
