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文章编号： 16726987（2019）01006809； DOI： 10.16351/j.16726987.2019.01.012
王洪志, 焦传梅*
(青岛科技大学 环境与安全工程学院，山东 青岛 266042)
摘要： 采用离子液体［EOOEMIm］［BF4］改性粉煤灰漂珠（FB）制备了一种新型阻燃剂FB@［EOOEMIm］［BF4］，并用于阻燃热塑性聚氨酯弹性体（TPU）。通过扫描电镜能谱分析(SEMEDS)手段研究了FB@［EOOEMIm］［BF4］的结构与元素分布特点，并且通过锥形量热仪（CCT）、烟密度仪（SDT）、热重（TG）及热重红外联用（TGIR）等手段研究了TPU的阻燃及热降解性能。CCT实验表明：FB@［EOOEMIm］［BF4］能够显著提高TPU的阻燃性能，热释放速率（HRR）、总热释放（THR）和生烟速率（SPR）等参数明显降低，其中当FB@［EOOEMIm］［BF4］添加量质量分数为1000%时，HRR峰值（3563 kW·m-2）较纯TPU（1 1729 kW·m-2）和含相同含量FB的样品（5888 kW·m-2）的HRR峰值分别降低了696%和395%。SDT实验表明：在无焰条件下,FB@［EOOEMIm］［BF4］能够显著提高TPU的光通量，降低烟的产量。TG实验表明：FB@［EOOEMIm］［BF4］能够显著提高TPU的热稳定性能，提高TPU的成炭能力。TGIR实验表明：FB@［EOOEMIm］［BF4］能够提高TPU的热稳定性，降低烟颗粒及有毒、有害气体的生成。
关键词： 离子液体； 粉煤灰漂珠； 热塑性聚氨酯弹性体； 阻燃
中图分类号： TQ 328 文献标志码： A引用格式： 王洪志, 焦传梅. 四氟硼酸盐离子液体改性漂珠的制备及其阻燃热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的研究\[J\]. 青岛科技大学学报（自然科学版）， 2019， 40（1）： 6876.
WANG Hongzhi, JIAO Chuanmei. Preparation of modified floating beads using tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid and its flame retardancy in thermoplastic polyurethane\[J\]. Journal of Qingdao University of Science and Technology（Natural Science Edition), 2019, 40(1)： 6876.
Preparation of Modified Floating Beads Using Tetrafluoroborate Ionic Liquid and Its Flame Retardancy in Thermoplastic Polyurethane
WANG Hongzhi, JIAO Chuanmei
（College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China)
Abstract: In this paper, a new type of flame retardant FB@［EOOEMIm］［BF4］ was prepared by modifying flyash floating beads (FB) with ionic liquid ［EOOEMIm］［BF4］ and applied in flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). The structure and element distribution properties of FB@［EOOEMIm］［BF4］ tested by scanning electron microscopeenergy dispersive spectrometer (SEMEDS). And the flame retardant and thermal degradation characteristics of TPU composites were tested using cone calorimeter test (CCT),smoke density test (SDT), thermogravimetric (TG) and thermogravimetric/fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TGIR), etc.The CCT revealed that FB@［EOOEMIm］［BF4］ can greatly enhance the flame retardant of TPU. And the heat release rate (HRR)， total heat release (THR)and smoke production rate (SPR) of TPU composites with FB@［EOOEMIm］［BF4］ were significantly reduced. Remarkably, the peak of HRR of the sample with 1000% FB@［EOOEMIm］［BF4］ (3563 kW·m-2) was reduced by 696% and 395% compared with pure TPU (1 1729 kW·m-2) and the sample with the same loading of FB (5888 kW·m-2). The SDT results indicated that FB@［EOOEMIm］［BF4］could greatly improve the luminous flux (LF) of TPU composites in the test without flame and reduce the production of smoke. The TG test showed that FB@［EOOEMIm］［BF4］ can improve the thermal stability of TPU composites and promote the char formation in the combustion process of TPU.
Key words: ionic liquid; flyash floating beads; thermoplastic polyurethane; flame retardant
收稿日期： 20180907
基金项目： 国家自然科学基金项目（51106078，51206084）.
作者简介： 王洪志（1990—），男，硕士研究生.*通信联系人.
