一种阳离子型双季铵盐的合成及性能研究解传梅

解传梅， 郭睿*， 王二蒙， 刘龙伟， 王敏， 宋艳艳

（陕西科技大学 化学与化工学院；教育部轻化工助剂化学与技术重点实验室，陕西 西安 710021）

 摘要： 通过一步合成法合成了一种阳离子型双子表面活性剂12412，该产物是一种杀菌剂单体，根据后期的杀菌效果优选出最佳合成工艺条件：n（十二烷基二甲基叔胺）∶n（1,4二溴丁烷）= 22∶1，反应温度85 ℃，反应时间48 h， 14二溴丁烷加入1 g时异丙醇需加入1 mL。采用红外光谱、核磁共振对产物的结构进行表征。将合成的双季铵盐与标杆产品BULKT965反渗透膜专用杀菌剂以及其他常用杀菌剂在白水体系中进行杀菌能力对比试验，结果表明，双季铵盐杀菌剂的杀菌效果最好。

关键词： 阳离子型季铵盐； 双子表面活性剂； 杀菌性能

 中图分类号：  TQ 423.12               文献标志码：  A

 Synthesis and Performance Research of a CationicBisquaternary Ammonium Surfactant

XIE Chuanmei, GUO Rui, WANG Ermeng, LIU Longwei,

WANG Min, SONG Yanyan

 (College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering;Key Laboratory of Auxiliary and Technology for Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education,Shaanxi University of Science andTechnology, Xi′an 710021,China )

Abstract: A cationic gemini surfactant 12412 was synthesized by onestep synthesis method. According to the late bactericidal effect, the optimum reaction conditions were obtained： n(N,Ndimethyl dodecyl amine) ∶ n (1,4dibromobutane)=22∶1, reaction temperature 85 ℃, reaction time 48 h, 1,4dibromobutane 1 g, isopropanol 1 mL. The structure of the product was characterized by IR, 1H NMR spectrum. The sterilization ability contrast tests between the synthesized bisquaternary ammonium salt with benchmarking product BULKT965 reverse osmosis membrane special fungicide and other common fungicides were carried out in whitewater system, and the results showed that the bactericidal effect of bisquaternary ammonium biocides was  the best.

Key words: cationic quaternary ammonium; gemini surfactant; bactericidal performance

 收稿日期： 20140303

作者简介： 解传梅（1988—），女，硕士研究生.  *通信联系人.