共价功能化氮化硼纳米片/低密度聚乙烯复合材料的制备及其力学性能

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文章编号： 1672-6987（2022）02-0065-07； DOI： 10.16351/j.1672-6987.2022.02.010

李果， 李畅， 孙长久， 李飞翔， 郭付海， 赵健*(青岛科技大学 橡塑材料与工程教育部重点实验室；山东省橡塑材料与工程重点实验室，山东 青岛 266042）

摘要： 六方氮化硼纳米片(BNNSs)具有极大的比表面积与优异的物理机械性能，是一种理想的纳米填料。但由于BNNSs极易团聚，难以均匀地分散在高分子基体中，大大限制了其应用。共价功能化是目前解决团聚问题的主要方法，然而由于BNNSs表面化学惰性，使得对其进行共价功能化很困难。设计了一种通过非破坏性还原反应实现BNNSs共价功能化的新途径，首先通过萘钠还原体系使得BNNSs表面活化带负电随后与卤代烷烃反应，制备出了接枝率高、结构完整的共价功能化六方氮化硼纳米片（g-BNNSs）。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、热失重分析(TGA)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)结果证实，烷基链成功地接枝到BNNSs上。TGA、透射电镜(TEM)分别对g-BNNSs的接枝率和结构完整性进行了表征。扫描电镜(SEM)观察到g-BNNSs在低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)中的分散性和相容性极佳。静态力学拉伸测试表明g-BNNSs在质量分数10%的低填充量下，LDPE的屈服强度、杨氏模量、断裂强度分别提高了149％，167％和119％。

关键词： 共价功能化； 氮化硼； 低密度聚乙烯； 纳米复合材料

中图分类号： O 643.36+1文献标志码： A

引用格式： 李果， 李畅， 孙长久, 等. 共价功能化氮化硼纳米片/低密度聚乙烯复合材料的制备及其力学性能［J］. 青岛科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 43(2): 65-71.

LI Guo, LI Chang, SUN Changjiu, et al. Preparation and mechanical properties of covalently functionalized BN nanosheets/LDPE composites［J］. Journal of Qingdao University of Science and Technology（Natural Science Edition), 2022， 43（2）： 65-71.

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Covalently Functionalized BN

Nanosheets/LDPE Composites

LI Guo, LI Chang, SUN Changjiu, LI Feixiang, GUO Fuhai, ZHAO Jian

(Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics,

Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China)

Abstract: Hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) is an ideal nano filler with large specific surface area and excellent physical and mechanical properties. However, it is easy to agglomerate and difficult to disperse evenly in polymer matrix, which greatly limits its application. Covalent functionalization is the main method to solve the agglomeration problem. It is difficult to covalently functionalize BNNSs because of its surface chemical inertness. In this paper, a new approach to covalent functionalization of BNNSs via non-destructive reduction reaction is reported. Firstly, the surface of BNNSs is negatively charged through effective reduction and activation, and then it reacts with haloalkanes to prepare covalently functionalized hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (g-BNNSs) which has high grafting rate and complete structure. FTIR, TGA and XPS results confirmed that the alkyl chain was successfully grafted onto BNNSs. The grafting degree and structural integrity of g-bnnss were characterized by TGA and TEM. The dispersibility and compatibility of g-bnnss in LDPE were observed by SEM. The static mechanical tensile test showed that the yield strength, Young′s modulus, and breaking strength of LDPE increased by 149%, 167% and 119%, respectively, under the low filling content of 10%（mass content） of g-BNNSs.

Key words: covalent functionalization; boron nitride; LDPE; nanocomposites

收稿日期： 2021-03-25

基金项目： 国家自然科学基金项目（51873096）；山东省自然科学基金项目（ZR2019MEM001）.

作者简介： 李果（1996—），男，硕士研究生.*通信联系人.