具有空心结构Fe/SiO2催化剂的制备及其性能研究

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王德玄， 杜芳林*

（青岛科技大学 材料科学与工程学院，山东 青岛 266042）

摘要： 以草酸亚铁为铁源，二氧化硅为模板，在水热条件下利用牺牲模板法制备出了Fe24Si4O43(OH)2，在650 ℃下利用气相还原法制备出了具有空心结构的Fe/SiO2催化剂。利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、物理吸附仪(BET)等测试手段对所得产物进行了表征和分析。以Fe/SiO2为催化剂，研究反应时间、温度、压力等因素对硝基苯液相加氢性能的影响，确定了硝基苯液相加氢制备苯胺适宜反应条件：反应温度为100 ℃，反应压强为3 MPa。在该条件下硝基苯的转化率达82%，苯胺的选择性为80%。

关键词：  牺牲模板法； 空心结构； 气相还原法； 硝基苯加氢

中图分类号：  O 614.8文献标志码： A

Synthesis and Properties of Fe/SiO2 Catalyst with Hollow Structure

WANG Dexuan， DU Fanglin

(College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042，China)

Abstract: Mesoporous iron-silica composite hollow microspheres have been synthesized by reducing the Fe24Si4O43(OH)2 hollow microspheres at 650 °C and H2 current, which were synthesized via hydrothermal method using SiO2 microspheres as templates, and FeC2O4·2H2O as iron sources. The mesoporous iron-silica composite hollow microspheres were characterized through X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and N2 adsorptiondesorption isotherms. By studying the influence of the reaction pressure, reaction temperature, reaction time to the nitrobenzene liquid hydrogenation process, determined the appropriate reaction conditions of the nitrobenzene liquid hydrogenation process. Under this condition, the selectivity rate of the phenylamine reached to 82% and the conversion rate of the nitrobenzene was reached to 80%.

Key words: self-template approach; the hollow structure; vapor reduction method; catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene

收稿日期： 20150822

基金项目： 国家自然科学基金项目（51272115）.

作者简介： 王德玄（1989—），男，硕士研究生.*通信联系人.

文章编号： 16726987（2016）05052305； DOI： 10.16351/j.16726987.2016.05.010