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文章编号: 1672-6987(2025)06-0054-07 DOI: 10.16351/j.1672-6987.2025.06.007
王凤玲a, 吴晓静a, 李世昆a, 白云翔a, 李道壮a, 蔡荣强a, 杜正鹏b, 娄育培a, 李再峰a*(青岛科技大学 a. 化学与分子工程学院;b. 高分子科学与工程学院, 山东 青岛 266042)
摘要: 采用四氯化锡(SnCl4)和三氟化硼乙醚(BF3 · Et2O)协同催化四氢呋喃与环氧氯丙烷进行阳离子开环共聚合反应,制备出四氢呋喃与环氧氯丙烷共聚醚(THF-co-ECH)并优化其制备工艺,然后通过SN2叠氮化取代反应制备出四氢呋喃(THF)共聚的新型聚叠氮缩水甘油醚(GAP)。以优化的SnCl4/BF3 · Et2O物质的量的比为1∶1的协同催化体系,可制备出数均相对分子质量约1 800 g · mol-1、官能度1.6~1.8、相对分子质量分布约1.5的THF-co-ECH。随着THF含量的增加,共聚醚的低温性能得到改善,THF-co-ECH的Tg由-45.8 ℃降低到-63.5 ℃,共聚型GAP的Tg由-59.3 ℃降低到-66.4 ℃;当共聚醚的Cl原子被—N3叠氮化取代后,聚合物主链的Tg表现出显著的下降,且THF含量越高,叠氮前后的玻璃化转变温度下降幅度(ΔTg)越小;制备的THF共聚型GAP聚氨酯胶片的拉伸强度和扯断伸长率均提高,THF引入GAP的分子主链表现出较好的增强增韧作用。
关键词: 阳离子开环聚合; 混合催化剂; 共聚型GAP; 制备; 力学性能
中图分类号: TJ 04; O 632.6 文献标志码: A
引用格式: 王凤玲, 吴晓静, 李世昆, 等. 四氢呋喃共聚型GAP的制备及其聚氨酯胶片的力学性能[J]. 青岛科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2025, 46(6): 54-60.
WANG Fengling, WU Xiaojing, LI Shikun, et al. Preparation of Co-polymerized GAP binders by tetrahydrofuran and mechanical properties of their polyurethane elastomers[J]. Journal of Qingdao University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2025, 46(6): -.
Preparation of Co-polymerized GAP Binders by Tetrahydrofuran and Mechanical Properties of Their Polyurethane Elastomers
WANG Fenglinga, WU Xiaojinga, LI Shikuna, BAI Yunxianga, LI Daozhuanga, CAI Rongqianga,DU Zhengpengb, LOU Yupeia, LI Zaifenga(a.College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering;b.College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266042, China)
Abstract: The cationic ring-opening copolymerization process of tetrahydrofuran and epichlorohydrin, employing tin tetrachloride (SnCl4) and boron trifluoride ether (BF3 · Et2O) as co-catalysts, was carried out to prepare tetrahydrofuran and epichlorohydrin co-polyether (THF-co-ECH) and its process parameters have also been optimized, then a novel glycidyl azide polymer(GAP) copolymerized by tetrahydrofuran (THF) was prepared by SN2 azide substitution reaction. Under catalyzed by the optimized molar ratio of 1∶1 for SnCl4/BF3 · Et2O catalytic system, the THF-co-ECH with relative molecular weight of 1800 g · mol-1, functional degree of 1.6—1.8 and relative molecular weight distribution of 1.5 has been prepared. With an increase of THF in content, the low temperature property of copolyethers were improved, the Tg of THF-co-ECH decreased from -45.8 ℃ to -63.5 ℃, and the Tg of corresponding THF copolymerized GAP binders decreased from -59.3 ℃ to -66.4 ℃. When the Cl atoms from THF-co-ECH were substituted by N3 groups, the Tg of the copolyether decreased significantly, and the higher the THF content, the smaller the decrease of ΔTg before and after azide substitution reaction. The tensile strength for THF copolymerized GAP polyurethane elastomers increased from 9.9 to 16.0 MPa, and the elongation at break enhanced from 161% to 195%. The copolymerization of THF with GAP exhibited the better enhancement and toughening effect.
Key words: cationic ring opening polymerization; co catalysis; copolymerized GAP; preparation; properties
收稿日期: 2024-12-22
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(22478215);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2022ME216);泰山产业创新领军人才项目(tscx202408087).
作者简介: 王凤玲(1997—), 女, 硕士研究生. * 通信联系人.