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文章编号： 1672-6987（2024）01-0069-08； DOI： 10.16351/j.1672-6987.2024.01.010
张文国1， 张猛2*（1. 济宁职业技术学院， 山东 济宁 272100； 2. 青岛科技大学 材料科学与工程学院， 山东 青岛 266042）
摘要： 以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为原材料，N, N-二甲基甲酰胺为助溶剂，首先通过静电纺丝与高温煅烧法制备出碳纳米纤维；然后，通过电沉积法，在碳纳米纤维表面完成苯胺单体的聚合反应，制备出核壳型碳纳米纤维@聚苯胺纳米复合材料。采用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱、拉曼光谱以及X射线光电子能谱等测试手段对产物的物相、微观形貌、成分组成等进行了系统表征。对纳米复合材料的吸波性能测试结果表明：纳米复合材料综合吸波性能较单一碳纳米纤维有明显提升，其在442 mm厚度下，出现最强反射损耗-4416 dB。通过研究纳米复合材料的多重反射、界面极化、导电损耗等对电磁波能量的衰减作用，阐述了多因素协同影响下的电磁波衰减方式。
关键词： 静电纺丝； 吸波材料； 聚苯胺； 轻质
中图分类号： TB 34；TQ 343.9文献标志码： A
引用格式： 张文国， 张猛. CF@PANI纳米复合材料的静电纺丝制备及其吸波性能［J］. 青岛科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2024, 45(1): 69-76.
ZHANG Wenguo, ZHANG Meng. Preparation of CF@PANI nanocomposites by electrostatic spinning and their microwave absorbing properties［J］. Journal of Qingdao University of Science and Technology（Natural Science Edition), 2024， 45（1）： 69-76.
Preparation of CF@PANI Nanocomposites by Electrostatic Spinning and
Their Microwave Absorbing Properties
ZHANG Wenguo1, ZHANG Meng2
（1. Jining Polytechnic, Jining 272100, China; 2. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao 266061, China）
Abstract: Developing high efficiency and lightweight microwave absorbing material is a feasible and common strategy to solve electromagnetic radiation and pollution problem. In this paper, using polyvinylpyrrolidone as raw material and N,N-dimethylformamide as cosolvent, carbon nanofibers were firstly prepared by electrostatic spinning and high temperature calcination process. Then, the core-shell carbon nanofiber@polyaniline nanocomposites was prepared by polymerization of aniline monomer on the surface of carbon nanofiber by by electrodeposition method. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to systematically characterize the phase, microstructure and composition of the products. The electromagnetic wave absorption performance of the nanocomposite showed that its microwave absorption performances were significantly improved compared with bare carbon nanofiber with the strongest reflection loss of -4416 dB at the thickness of 442 mm. According to the attenuation of incident electromagnetic wave energy aroused by multi-reflection, interface polarization and conduction loss of the nanocomposites, the attenuation mechanism under the synergistic influence of various factors was demonstrated.
Key words: electrostatic spinning; absorbing material; polyaniline; lightweight
收稿日期： 2023-01-20
基金项目： 山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2016EMB25).
作者简介： 张文国(1969-),男,副教授.*通信联系人.
