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文章编号:1672-6987(2026)02-0033-06;DOI:10. 16351/j. 1672-6987. 2026. 02. 005
翟芳芳,周新红* (青岛科技大学 化学与分子工程学院,山东 青岛 266042)
摘 要:锂金属电池因为其较高的能量密度引起了广泛关注。然而,传统的碳酸酯电解液通 常与锂金属的兼容性较差,会引发一系列严重的副反应并导致锂枝晶的生成,极大地缩短了 锂金属电池的使用寿命并给电池带来了严重的安全隐患。为此,以双(3-乙基-5-甲基-4-马来 酰亚胺基苯基)甲烷(NO)作为离子液体电解液的添加剂,设计了一款基于不燃 1-乙基-3-甲基 咪唑双(三氟甲磺酰)亚胺([EMIm][NTf2])的咪唑基离子液体电解液(IL-NO)。通过 NO 的 电化学调节作用,离子液体电解液对锂负极界面兼容性得到了有效改善,使 Li/Li 电池可以在 1 200 h 内保持稳定且可逆的锂电镀/剥离行为。界面表征结果显示,离子液体和 NO 共同参与 形 成 了 富 LiF 和 Li3N 的 钝 化 固 体 电 解 质 界 面(SEI),有 效 抑 制 了 锂 枝 晶 生 成 。 基 于 此 , LiCoO2/IL-NO/Li 电池在室温下表现出优异的循环性能,在循环 300 次后的容量保持率达到 74. 6%,平均库仑效率高达 99. 7%。
关键词:离子液体电解液;锂金属电池;锂金属负极;固体电解质界面
中图分类号:TQ 317 文献标志码:A
引用格式:翟芳芳,周新红 . 不可燃咪唑基离子液体电解液助力长寿命锂金属电池[J]. 青岛 科技大学学报(自然科学版),2026,47(2):33-38.
ZHAI Fangfang, ZHOU Xinhong. Non-flammable imidazole-based ionic liquid electrolyte toward long-cycling life lithium metal batteries[J]. Journal of Qingdao University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2026,47(2):33-38.
Non-Flammable Imidazole-Based Ionic Liquid Electrolyte Toward Long-Cycling Life Lithium Metal Batteries
ZHAI Fangfang,ZHOU Xinhong (College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266042, China)
Abstract:Lithium metal batteries have attracted wide attention due to their high energy density. However, conventional carbonate electrolytes generally possessed poor interface compatibility and induced the growth of lithium dendrite. As a consequence, it resulted poor cell per⁃ formance and severe safety hazards for lithium metal batteries. Based on an innovative additives of bis(3-ethyl-5-methyl-4-maleimidophenyl)methane (NO), we designed an 1-ethyl-3-methy⁃ limidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([EMIm][NTf2]) based non-flammable ionic liquid electrolyte (IL-NO). Through the electrochemical regulation of NO, the compatibility of ionic liquid electrolyte with lithium anode were effectively improved, leading to a reversible Li plating/stripping behavior over 1 200 h with 40 mV stable polarized voltage. The interface characterization results demonstrated that ionic liquid and NO formed a LiF-rich and Li3 N-rich stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI), thereby effectively suppressing the growth of dendrite. As a consequence, LiCoO2/IL-NO/Li batteries exhibited an excellent cyclability with 74. 6% capacity retention and up to 99. 7%, Coulombic efficiency after 300 cycles under ambient temperature.
Key words:ionic liquid electrolyte; lithium metal battery; lithium metal anode; solid electrolyte interface
收稿日期:2025-07-02
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(52072195).
作者简介:翟芳芳(1996—),女,硕士研究生 . * 通信联系人 .